YULI
PURNAMAWATI. Study of Protein Concentrate of Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L)
as Feed Protein Source Substitution of Meat Bone Meal of Broiler. Supervised by
NAHROWI and SUMIATI.
Feedstuff for
poultry was mostly imported, especially feed protein sources such as soybean
meal, fish meal and meat bone meal (MBM). High prices of the fish meal also
responsible for increasing the demand of MBM. Meat bone meal 100% imported.
Therefore it was essential to look for alternative MBM. The use of insects in
some countries of Europe and Asia has been widely applied not only as animal
feed, but also for human consumption, one of that is a mealworm (Tenebrio
molitor L). Mealworm is the larva of the rice beetle, has a high
nutrient, such as crude protein 47.2-60.3% and 31.1-43.1% fat. In addition to
high nutrient, mealworm has a short life cycle and easy to produce. Some
studies suggested that the use mealworm in the ration was able to improve the
performance of broilers and did not cause negative impacts.
The purpose of
this research was to study the extraction of mealworm fat to be a protein
concentrate, so it can be used as feed protein source to replace meat bone meal
which is capable of increasing the performance and carcass quality of broiler
chickens. This study uses two treatments, they were R0 = ration containing 5%
MBM and R1 = ration containing 5% protein concentrate of mealworm. The variables
observed were the physical and chemical properties of protein concentrates of
mealworm, net protein utilization (NPU), performance (feed intake, body weight,
final body weight, feed conversion and mortality), the percentage of carcass
traits, meat bone ratio and the percentage of noncarcass of broiler. The
results show that a protein concentrate of mealworm have a relatively coarse
particle size and nutrient content was quite high as 54.73% crude protein. In addition,
the protein concentrate of mealworm containing amino acid with a chemical score
of 13.27% and the index of essential amino acids at 20.18%. NPU of protein
concentrate of mealworm at 38.87%, lower than the NPU of meat bone meal was
57.68%.
The performance
of broiler chickens with feed diet containing 5% protein concentrate of
mealworm tend to be higher when compared with meat bone meal. Final body weight
of broiler chickens was given feed containing protein concentrate of mealworm
was 1644.50 g / bird with breast meat percentage 3.29% higher compared to the
use of meat bone meal in broiler rations. The conclusion of this study was
protein concentrates of mealworm has similar quality with MBM to increase
performance and carcass quality especially the percentage of broiler breast
meat. Protein concentrate of mealworm can be recommended as a substitute for meat
bone meal in broiler diet.
Key words:
broiler, mealworm, meat bone meal, performance, protein concentrate
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