MOKHAMAD FAESAL RAKHMAN KHAKIM. Feeding Ecology of
Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii, Lesson 1827) in West Batang Toru Forest Blok
North Sumatra. Supervised by ANI MARDIASTUTI and ENTANG ISKANDAR.
The most southern Sumatran orangutan habitat is
located in Batang Toru Forest Block. The estimated population is about 600
individu. The population is fragile due to threads such as hunting, illegal
mining and encroachment. The research was conducted in October 2013 to June
2014. The study area was in Batang Toru Research Station, North Tapanuli, North
Sumatra. The aims of the study were collected information about potential food,
actual food, food abundant, the fluctuation food availability and food
availability index based on phenological plots, preferred foods and fallback
foods, overlapped food items between adult male, adult female, adolescent, and
juvenile, and also to gathered vertical levele used and daily range in all age
class. Based on the study 46 food items were recorded. Food items consisted of
fruit (71.06%), pith (11.72%), flower (7.85%), leaves (2.82%), bark
(2.06%),insect (2.79%), and the other (1.71%). Activity budgets for female at
the all age class were feeding (65-67%), travelling (15-16%), and resting (11-
15%).While, activity budgets for male at the all age class were feeding
(57-60%), travelling (15-20%), andresting (13-18%). The preferred foods were
fruit of sampinur tali, agatis, and terentang. The fallback foods were pith of
Freycinetia sp., flower of mayang susu, leaves and bark. Based on phenological
plots, the mean of young leaves availability were 47.61±3.96% per month, fruits
availability on the level 10.81±2.57%, and the mean of flowersavailability
were7.49±2.10%. The overlap used of food items between adult and adolescent was
62.86%, adult and juvenile was 91.43%, while adolescent with juvenile was
62.86%.Orangutans were more active in the middle of canopy at the height 16-25
m, the mean position is 72.00-82.14% from the ground. The mean daily range for
adult males were 760.73 m, adult females were 1089.28 m, adolescents were
968.00 m, and juvenile was 959.79 m.
Key words : Sumatran orangutan, food items,
behaviour, Batang Toru
Labels:
Journal,
Konservasi,
Orang Utan
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